An interesting aspect of radio waves in WBAN is that propagations from devices situated inside the human body tends to be unique and multiplexing nature in contrast to devices outside the human body. Therein this regrouping activity of data causes large amount of similar data to be transmitted leading to higher percentage of energy consumption, technically wasted wasting. Therefore the concurrent occurrence of path-loss creates clusters and routing paths have to be rebuilt. The idea here is because WBANs and WSNs consume more energy during data transmission.

(2016) argued that path loss leads to higher energy consumption, the authors proposed that this should be reduced. Since, these waves or transmitted information travels along other paths, the wave may regroup at the destination point resulting in received signals that vary significantly. It is important to note that even when path loss occurs, the transmitted signal may travel along other paths to the intended destination, such process is called multipath. There are various cause of path loss ranging from natural expansion of the radio wave, diffraction path-loss occurs due to obstruction, to absorption path loss that occurs due to presence of a medium that is not transparent to electromagnetic waves. Path loss (or path attenuation) delineates a decline in power density of any given electromagnetic wave as it propagates through space. Arif Sari, Ahmed Alzubi, in Security and Resilience in Intelligent Data-Centric Systems and Communication Networks, 2018 4.3 Path Loss (PL)

Pathloss 5 software